In the small village of Boscaccio in the Po Valley, there is no end in sight to the eternal feud between the Catholic priest Don Camillo and the communist mayor Peppone. The latest bone of contention is Peppone's candidacy for the parliamentary elections in Rome. Reverend Don Camillo wants to prevent the communist from winning the election at all costs - perhaps to get one over on Peppone, but also out of fear of losing his favorite enemy in the event of a communist election victory. But Peppone can't really concentrate on his election campaign anyway: he only has eyes for his secretary, the pretty comrade Clothilde. But although Don Camillo makes sure in his own unique way that Peppone does not commit adultery, and Peppone should be grateful to him for this, there are plenty of reasons for quarrels. For example, there is Don Camillo's plan to build a new church tower. However, this project requires the approval of Peppone as mayor - which he naturally refuses to give. Until it turns out that Peppone has to catch up on his 5th grade education in order to run for parliament.